The first mechanical computer keyboard was created in 1873 by Christopher Sholes, which he later developed with his sons, including a model with the QWERTY layout in 1874. Sholes had the prototype mounted on his desk, and after three years of testing with his secretary, the Sholes-Glidden typeewriter was produced, and was sold for US$125. Early mechanical computer keyboards were prone to jams, so they were designed to slow the typing speed by separating letters, to prevent the letters from getting caught up. However, it was discovered that typing was faster by using the QWERTY pattern, so that became the layout used.
In 1970s, most computers used text terminals, which required a keyboard. However, a keyboard was too large to include in a personal computer, so it was connected through a USB port or a PS/2 port. Although the first PS/2 port used a 6-pin connector, it later changed to a 5-pin connector, because the pins could be easily connected without any problems. However, the 6-pin PS/2 connector was later used as an external audio connector. The USB keyboard is an interface that transmits keyboard commands with a serial data cable. USB 1.0 has a transfer speed of 12 Mbit/s, USB 2.0 has a transfer speed of 480 Mbit/s, and USB 3.0 has a transfer speed of 5 Gbit/s.
The main reason to use wireless keyboards is that they are free from cables. Wireless keyboards have a small antenna and a receiver, but since they are small, there are restrictions on the size of the antenna. The antenna must be connected to the computer. Some wireless keyboards use Bluetooth technology to send information over short distances without a cable, while others use infrared to send data. Others use RF to send data to a computer over a short distance, like a radio.
The first computer keyboard to use an RF receiver was the IBM PS/2 keyboard, released in the early 1980s. These devices were generally used in commercial products, such as ATMs, where durability was more important than ease of maintenance.
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